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Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2024)
2024, 13(3): 33-41 |
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Samami M, Ebrahim Ghafari M, Hemmati Z, Najar-karimi F. Prevalence of Diffused Oral Mucosal Pigmentation and Its Associated Factors in Northern Iran. Journal title 2024; 13 (3) :33-41
URL: http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-620-en.html
URL: http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-620-en.html
1- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
2- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
3- School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
4- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ,mastane_fk91@yahoo.com
2- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
3- School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
4- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ,
Abstract: (523 Views)
Introduction: Understanding the prevalence of such pigmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis and informed treatment planning. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of diffused oral mucosal pigmentation and identify its associated factors among patients visiting the Dental School of Rasht in 2023.
Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 243 patients aged 12 years and older who attended the Dental School of Rasht in 2023. Participants were selected through non-random sampling. After obtaining informed consent, demographic and medical history information was recorded for all participants. Subsequently, a thorough oral examination was performed, and relevant findings were documented using a structured checklist. Data analysis was conducted at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Among the 243 patients examined, 95 (39.1%) exhibited diffused oral mucosal pigmentation. The severity of pigmentation was categorized as mild in 67.4% of cases, moderate in 20%, and severe in 12.6%. The gingiva was identified as the most commonly affected site. Statistically significant associations were observed between oral mucosal pigmentation and factors such as alcohol consumption (P=0.001), smoking (P<0.001), the presence of cutaneous hyperpigmentation (P=0.035), and the use of thyroid medications (P=0.012) and antihypertensive drugs (P=0.028). Furthermore, the severity of pigmentation showed a significant relationship with gender and smoking.
Conclusion: The gingiva demonstrated the highest prevalence of diffused oral mucosal pigmentation. Given the associations with systemic diseases, particularly hypertension, and the use of specific medications, such as antihypertensive drugs, thorough examination of oral soft tissues for discoloration is essential.
Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 243 patients aged 12 years and older who attended the Dental School of Rasht in 2023. Participants were selected through non-random sampling. After obtaining informed consent, demographic and medical history information was recorded for all participants. Subsequently, a thorough oral examination was performed, and relevant findings were documented using a structured checklist. Data analysis was conducted at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Among the 243 patients examined, 95 (39.1%) exhibited diffused oral mucosal pigmentation. The severity of pigmentation was categorized as mild in 67.4% of cases, moderate in 20%, and severe in 12.6%. The gingiva was identified as the most commonly affected site. Statistically significant associations were observed between oral mucosal pigmentation and factors such as alcohol consumption (P=0.001), smoking (P<0.001), the presence of cutaneous hyperpigmentation (P=0.035), and the use of thyroid medications (P=0.012) and antihypertensive drugs (P=0.028). Furthermore, the severity of pigmentation showed a significant relationship with gender and smoking.
Conclusion: The gingiva demonstrated the highest prevalence of diffused oral mucosal pigmentation. Given the associations with systemic diseases, particularly hypertension, and the use of specific medications, such as antihypertensive drugs, thorough examination of oral soft tissues for discoloration is essential.
Keywords: Epidemiology, Mouth mucosa. Pigmentation
Type of Study: Original article |
Subject:
General
Received: 2024/11/26 | Accepted: 2024/11/20 | Published: 2024/10/1
Received: 2024/11/26 | Accepted: 2024/11/20 | Published: 2024/10/1
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Owned by Guilan University of Medical Sciences.
Co-published by Zamen Salamati.
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The end of professor Samii Blv, Guilan University of Medical Sciences Complex, Dental School, Rasht, Iran.
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Email: den3djournal@gums.ac.ir
