ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Diagnosis Prediction of Lichen Planus, Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by using an Intelligent System Based on Artificial Neural Networks Introduction: Diagnosis, prediction and control of oral lesions is usually done classically based on clinical signs and histopathologic features. Due to lack of timely diagnosis in all conventional methods or differential diagnosis, biopsy of patient is needed. Therefore, the patient might be irritated. So, an intelligent method for quick and accurate diagnosis would be crucial. Intelligent systems approach has been successful in prediction and diagnosis of factors. Intelligent instruments significantly contributed to the diagnosis of different disease, such as timely diagnosis of breast cancer, heart failures and so on. In this research, three of the most common and relatively dangerous oral diseases (lichen planus, leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma) have been studied using intelligent systems based on artificial neural networks (ANN). Materials and Methods: In this study, the population of the study constituted one hundred and fifty, fifty patients are considered in each disease. The four features for learning intelligent systems given to it as an input. Results: The output of this system includes charts and tables to determine the optimal prediction of machine. One of the figures represents the descent of error that is convergent to the global optimum. The extreme prediction of machine would be achievable with the least amount of attention. So, the credibility and reliability will be boosted. Conclusion: The purpose of this research is the application of artificial intelligence techniques in branch of dentistry to the aim of early diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-43-en.pdf 2013-11-17 1 8 10.18869/acadpub.3dj.2.2.1 Prediction Lichen Planus Leukoplakia Carcinoma Squamous Cell Artificial Neural Network Rouhollah Maghsoudi 1 Islamic Azad University, Noor Branch, Noor, Iran. AUTHOR Abolfazl Bagheri 2 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran AUTHOR Mohammad Taghi Maghsoudi 3 Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Comparison of the Bond Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Composite (FRC) Posts to Radicular Dentin Using Different Adhesive Cement: an in-vitro study Introduction: Retention of fiber reinforced composite posts depends on the bond strength between post and cement, and cement and root dentin. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bond strength of one type of fiber post to radicular dentin with different adhesive cements. Materials and Methods: Crowns of 44 caries-free, human premolar were removed 2 mm below the CEJ and the roots were endodontically treated, then prepared for post cementation. The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups, group 1: Breeze (self-adhesive), group 2: ED Primer II/Panavia F2 (self-etch), group 3: Prime & Bond NT dual-cure /All-Cem (etch & rinse), and group 4: GC Fuji Plus. After post cementation and composite filling of coronal portion(as manufacturers,s instruction) and thermocycling, each specimen was cut into 2 mm thickness from the middle third of the root and the push-out bond strength test was performed and failure modes were recorded. Data were analyzed employing ANOVA and post hoc tests (P value< 0.05). Results: Group 4 showed significantly the high-est bond strength (12.88±3.44 MPa), while group 1 showed significantly lower bond strength than the other groups (5.25±2.98MPa). Also a statistically significant difference was observed between groups 2 and 3 with group 4.( P value<0.021) Conclusion: Retention of fiber post was affected by cement type. The results also indicated that in GC Fuji Plus the chemical interactions between the cement and hydroxyapatite may be important for root dentin bonding. Breeze without any pretreatment procedure cannot obtain the acceptable bond strength. http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-44-en.pdf 2013-11-17 9 17 10.18869/acadpub.3dj.2.2.9 Adhesive cement Dental bonding Light- cured Seyedeh Maryam Tavangar 1 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-880X reza davalloo 2 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Farideh Darabi 3 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Niloofar Moein 4 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Shohreh Nekooie 5 Dentist, Dental school AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Investigation of causes and effects of malpractice claims against dentists judged in Rasht medical council, 2006 – 2011 Introduction: Medical claim is one of the most concerning subjects for both patients and physicians. In addition, it has lots of financial and nonfinancial costs for health care systems. To define the number and causes of medical claims against dentists of Rasht since 2006 till 2011in Guilan medical council. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross - sectional study was performed since 2006 till 2011.To collect the initial data, a check list has been designed, including demographic data of patients, claims against physicians and results on their counseling. All data have been collected and analyzed employing descriptive methods. Results: In this study, 69 claims were recorded in 6 years which mostly were due to malpractice, treatment complications and financial issues. Conclusion: Giving patients sufficient information about the illness, treatment methods, probable complications and avoiding financial issues between patients and dentists can help decrease the medical claims and would result in more reliance. http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-45-en.pdf 2013-11-17 18 22 10.18869/acadpub.3dj.2.2.18 Medical claim Malpractice Dentist Morteza Rahbar Taromsari 1 Toxicology and Forensic medicine department, Guilan university of medical science, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Koroush Jafar Kazemi 2 Guilan university of medical science, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Morteza Fallah Karkan 3 Guilan university of medical science, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Keivan Abbasi 4 Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Alireza Badsar 5 Toxicology and Forensic medicine department, Guilan university of medical science, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Comparison of Radiopacity of Six Endodontic Sealers Introduction: Optimal radiopacity is one of the properties required for a root canal sealer that helps the distinction between the sealer and surrounding anatomic structures and evaluation of the quality of root filling. So, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of six root canal sealers at different focal distances. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, six endodontic sealers (ADSEAL, AH26, AH plus, Dorifill, MTA fillapex, and ZOE), were prepared and placed in a mold with 1mm thickness and 10mm diameter. The specimens were posi-tioned alongside an aluminum step wedge on a digital detector (occlusal size 76×57 mm). Radi-ographic imaging was performed at 15 and 30cm focal distances and radiopacity of each specimen was measured.One-way ANOVA and paired t-test were used and p<0.05 was consi-dered significant. Results: All sealers were found to be more radiopaque than 3 mm aluminum. At 15cm focal distance, the radiopacity values were 31.7, 60.68, 121.48, 52.4, 48.6, and 48.08 aluminum for ADSEAL, AH26, AH plus,Dorifill, MTA fillapex and ZOE, respectively. At 30cm focal distance, the figures were 80.32, 153.6, 253.6, 139.92, 144.08, and 129.92 for ADSEAL, AH26, AH plus,Dorifill, MTA fillapex and ZOE, respectively. Conclusion: All of the sealers investigated in this study met the standards for minimal radiopacity. AH plus had the highest radiopacity at both focal distances. Radiopacity decreased by increasing the focal distance and the decline was statistically significant for AHplus. http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-46-en.pdf 2013-11-17 23 27 10.18869/acadpub.3dj.2.2.23 Endodontic Digital Radiography Maryam Ehsani 1 Dental Material Research Center, Department of endodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran AUTHOR Farida Abesi 2 Dental Material Research Center Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. AUTHOR Sina Haghanifar 3 Dental Material Research Center Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. AUTHOR Sorayya Khafri 4 Department of Social Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. AUTHOR Mahtab Hamzeh 5 Dental Material Research Center Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. AUTHOR Ayub Habibi 6 Dental Material Research Center AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Ex-vivo Apical Seal Comparison of Root Canal Obturation Using MTA Fillapex Versus MTA Orthograde Introduction: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an alternative material to gutta-percha for obturation of root canal in special cases has several drawbacks. The purpose of this study was to compare the apical sealing ability of a new MTA-based sealer versus MTA. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 canals of extracted maxillary central incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (n=10) and two negative and positive control groups (n=3). Lateral compaction technique was performed using AH26 sealer (group 1 or control), and MTA Fillapex (group 2). The canals in group 3 were filled using vertical compaction of MTA alone. Sealing ability was evaluated using dye leakage penetration method. Data was analyzed by one way ANOVA and LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. Results: The observed leakage in groups 2 and 3 which were filled with MTA Fillapex and MTA orthograde was significantly different from the control group which were filled with AH26 sealer (P=0.015, P=0.001). There was no significant difference between group 2 and 3 which was filled with MTA Fillapex and MTA orthograde (P=0.205). Conclusion: Within the limitation of this in vitro study, there was no significant difference between apical sealing ability of MTA Fillapex and MTA orthograde. http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-47-en.pdf 2013-11-17 28 31 10.18869/acadpub.3dj.2.2.28 Canal Scaler Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Obturation Root Canal Shiva Sadeghi 1 Oro-maxillofacial developmental disease research center, Department of Endodontics, Dental School , Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Ali Ali Akbari 2 private practice AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Common Errors in Digital Panoramic Radiographs Taken in Rasht Dental School Introduction: The use of panoramic radiography has shown a remarkable expansion over the past 20 years. Accurate positioning and preparation of patients is needed to avoid image distortion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the common errors on panoramic radiographs taken in the radiology department of Rasht dental school. Materials and Methods: The study sample included 390 digital panoramic radiographs taken in Rasht faculty of dentistry by a direct digital panoramic unit. Frequency of common errors including errors related to patient positioning and patient preparation in male and females were evaluated. Results: There were 314 panoramic radiographs (81.5%) with errors. Errors related to the improper patient positioning were observed in 306 cases (78.5%). The most common error was palatoglossal air space (56.2%). There was no significant difference between males and females. Conclusion: The errors seen in panoramic radiographs were relatively high, thus training the operators is essential to maximize the quality of panoramic radiographs. http://3dj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-48-en.pdf 2013-11-17 32 36 10.18869/acadpub.3dj.2.2.32 Panoramic radiography Patient positioning Training Seiedeh Tahereh Mohtavipour 1 Oro-maxillofacial developmental diseases research center, Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Alieh Sadat Javadzadeh Haghighat 2 Oro-maxillofacial developmental diseases research center, Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Zahra Dalili 3 Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, , Dental school, Guilan University of Medical sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Somayeh Nemati 4 Oro-maxillofacial developmental diseases research center, Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Seiedeh Saeideh Mohtavipour 5 Department of Pediatric dentistry, Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Mojtaba Narenjisani 6 Rasht, Iran AUTHOR Zahra Pourhabibi 7 Dental school, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran AUTHOR